Multi-Infarct DementiaMulti-infarct dementia is a cognitive disorder caused by a series of strokes, or infarctions, that damage bits of brain tissue. When blood cannot flow freely into the brain due to blockages in the arteries, a stroke will occur. In some cases, the symptoms of the stroke may be so mild that the patient doesn't realize one has occurred. When a number of these strokes happen over a period of time, reduced cognitive function may become apparent. Unfortunately, at that point there is no way to reverse the damage that has already taken place. The patient can reduce the risk of further damage, however, by addressing the underlying reasons for the blockages.
Symptoms of Multi-Infarct DementiaThis type of dementia may be confused with other types of cognitive disorders like Alzheimer's disease because the symptoms are very similar. However, Alzheimer's is often first identified by memory impairment. In the case of this disorder, memory loss is not usually the first symptom to appear. Symptoms of this cognitive disorder include:
• Getting lost in familiar places These symptoms will usually come on as a series of small, gradual steps, making it difficult to identify the signs of this type of disorder early in the process. Once the symptoms are recognized, diagnosis of this cognitive disorder can be done using a physical exam, blood tests, CT scan and MRI. Patients who have this type of dementia will almost always have high blood pressure as well, so treatment of this condition may help to reduce the risk of additional damage occurring.
Treatment of Multi-Infarct DementiaThere is no proven treatment for this cognitive disorder and no drugs have been approved by the FDA for use for this condition. However, addressing underlying risk factors like high blood pressure or diabetes may help to reduce future strokes and damage.Treatment for both of these conditions may include dietary changes, exercise and regular monitoring by a physician. The patient may also be advised to quit smoking or using alcohol. By addressing these concerns as early as possible, patients can stop the progression of the disease in many cases.
Prevention of Multi-Infarct DementiaBecause the prognosis for this type of dementia is not positive, it is important to take steps to prevent this condition early in life. Maintaining a healthy weight, eating a nutritious diet and participating in a regular exercise program are all ways to reduce the risk of this cognitive disorder.It is also important to have blood pressure monitored regularly and take necessary steps if it should begin to rise. By taking measures before symptoms of this cognitive disorder occur, a patient can greatly reduce the risks of this condition. This type of dementia is often not diagnosed until damage has already occurred. However, once the condition is diagnosed, a patient and doctor can work together to reduce the underlying risk factors and prevent additional damage to brain tissue from occurring. Patients who experience any of these symptoms should see a doctor right away for an accurate diagnosis and treatment program.
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